$$-31

SS-31 (Elamipretide) — Mitochondria-Targeted Tetrapeptide for Bioenergetics Research

SS-31 (D-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2), also known as Elamipretide, is a cell-permeable, mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that has become a critical research tool in the study of mitochondrial bioenergetics and organelle membrane dynamics. The alternating aromatic-cationic motif of SS-31 enables it to selectively concentrate within the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it interacts with cardiolipin — a phospholipid uniquely enriched in this compartment and essential for the structural organization and function of electron transport chain complexes and ATP synthase.

In laboratory research, SS-31 has been used to investigate the relationship between cardiolipin-protein interactions, electron transport chain efficiency, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species generation under both basal and stressed conditions. Cell culture studies using cardiomyocytes, neurons, renal tubular cells, and skeletal myocytes have demonstrated that SS-31 exposure can modulate mitochondrial cristae architecture and electron transport supercomplex stability. Researchers studying mitochondrial dysfunction, ischemia-reperfusion biology, and age-related bioenergetic decline have found SS-31 to be an indispensable experimental reagent for selectively probing inner mitochondrial membrane function.

Coffee & Pepper Peptides supplies SS-31 as a research-grade peptide with verified purity and identity. This product is for laboratory research only and is not intended for human or animal use under any circumstances.

FDA DISCLAIMER

The information provided on this website has not been evaluated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). None of the statements herein, nor any of the products offered, are intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any medical condition.

All products are supplied strictly as laboratory research reagents and are not for human consumption. We do not provide products to patients and do not make any claims regarding medical use.

Coffee & Pepper Peptides operates solely as a chemical supplier. It is not a compounding pharmacy and does not operate as a compounding facility under Section 503A of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.